Antique French Charles X Burr Maple and Ormolu Bookcase Circa 1820 19th C

Charles X

Charles Philippe; 9 October 1757 – 6 November 1836, was known for most of his life as the Count of Artois before he reigned as King of France from 16 September 1824 until 2 August 1830.  An uncle of the uncrowned King Louis XVII, and younger brother to reigning Kings Louis XVI and Louis XVIII, he supported the latter in exile and eventually succeeded him. His rule of almost six years ended in the July Revolution of 1830, which resulted in his abdication and the election of Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans, as King of the French. Exiled once again, Charles died in Gorizia, then part of the Austrian Empire.
The reign of Charles X  is closely linked to the decorative style that carries his name. Furniture kept the heavy aspect it acquired during the Empire period, yet forms became suppler and lighter following the romantic trend and a renewed passion for the Gothic period. Society was also changing as the king no longer incarnated the taste to observe; now, decorative arts adapted themselves to the demands of the new bourgeois population.
The art of marquetry returned with decorative flowers, garlands and rosettes.

Ormolu - (from French 'or moulu', signifying ground or pounded gold) is an 18th-century English term for applying finely ground, high-carat gold in a mercury amalgam to an object of bronze.The mercury is driven off in a kiln leaving behind a gold-coloured veneer known as 'gilt bronze'.

The manufacture of true ormolu employs a process known as mercury-gilding or fire-gilding, in which a solution of nitrate of mercury is applied to a piece of copper, brass, or bronze, followed by the application of an amalgam of gold and mercury. The item was then exposed to extreme heat until the mercury burned off and the gold remained, adhered to the metal object.

After around 1830 because legislation had outlawed the use of mercury other techniques were used instead. Electroplating is the most common modern technique. Ormolu techniques are essentially the same as those used on silver, to produce silver-gilt..